Guidance
Annex A: Disadvantage Category and Specific Disadvantage
Updated 22 November 2023
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| DisadvantageCategory | SpecificDisadvantage |
|---|---|
| Absent with good reason | Absent with good reason |
| Bereavement at the time of the exam | Any other circumstance falling into this category and not listed above |
| Bereavement at the time of the exam | Death of a member of the extended family (grandparent aunt uncle or cousin) or close friend within 2 months of the exam |
| Bereavement at the time of the exam | Death of a member of the extended family (grandparent aunt uncle or cousin) or close friend within 3 months of the exam |
| Bereavement at the time of the exam | Death of a member of the extended family (grandparent aunt uncle or cousin) or close friend within 4 months of the exam |
| Bereavement at the time of the exam | Death of a member of the extended family (grandparent aunt uncle or cousin) or close friend within 6 months of the exam |
| Bereavement at the time of the exam | Death of a member of the extended family (grandparent aunt uncle or cousin) within 1 month of the exam |
| Bereavement at the time of the exam | Death of a member of the immediate family guardian or carer within 2 months of the exam |
| Bereavement at the time of the exam | Death of a member of the immediate family guardian or carer within 4 months of the exam |
| Bereavement at the time of the exam | Death of a member of the immediate family guardian or carer within 6 months of the exam |
| Bereavement at the time of the exam | Very recent death of a member of the extended family (grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin) or very close friend within 1 month of the exam |
| Crisis/incident at the time of the exam | Anniversary of death of a member of the immediate family, guardian or carer |
| Crisis/incident at the time of the exam | Any other circumstance falling into this category and not listed above |
| Crisis/incident at the time of the exam | Domestic inconvenience such as moving house |
| Crisis/incident at the time of the exam | Domestic inconvenience such as moving house lack of facilities at home |
| Crisis/incident at the time of the exam | Holidays or other family events which affect an exam |
| Crisis/incident at the time of the exam | Recent crisis/incident |
| Crisis/incident at the time of the exam | Recent more minor domestic crisis |
| Crisis/incident at the time of the exam | Serious and disruptive domestic crisis leading to acute anxiety about the family |
| Crisis/incident at the time of the exam | Serious crisis/incident at the time of an exam |
| Crisis/incident at the time of the exam | Serious domestic crisis at the time of an exam |
| Crisis/incident at the time of the exam | Serious illness of a member of the immediate family guardian or carer |
| Crisis/incident at the time of the exam | Terminal illness of a member of the immediate family guardian or carer |
| Crisis/incident at the time of the exam | Very serious and disruptive crisis/incident leading to acute anxiety |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Any other circumstance falling into this category and not listed above |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Candidate became unwell during the exam and was unable to complete it |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Chronic fatigue syndrome or ME with consequences at the time of the exam |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Consequences arising from a permanent disability |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Consequences of major surgery near the time of the exam |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Flare up of severe long term condition such as epilepsy diabetes migraine or asthma |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Headache or other minor ailment |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Injury or trauma as a result of a severe road traffic accident or other accidental cause. (To be used additionally for a major incident) |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Learning difficulties or long term psychological conditions such as ADHD ASD or Asperger syndrome |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Long term physical or psychological illness affecting preparation or revision |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Medical complications arising from pregnancy |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Mild depression or other psychological disorder under treatment |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Minor injury or minor illness such as colds sore throats stomach upsets etc |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | More serious viral illness such as flu tonsillitis severe stomach upsets etc |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Problems resulting from recently broken limbs fractures sprains or similar |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Recent and very serious physical or psychological illness |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Recent serious physical or psychological illness |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Recovering from but still affected by broken limbs fractures sprains or similar |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Recovering from surgery at the time of the exam |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Serious psychological trauma including consequences of rape or child abuse |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Serious viral illness such as glandular fever with continuing consequences at the time of the exam |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Severe hay fever or other allergic reaction on the day of an exam |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Severe incapacitating illness of the candidate or member of immediate family |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Stress anxiety or panic attack on the day of an exam with causes other than the exam itself |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Terminal illness of the candidate or of a parent guardian or carer |
| Illness or injury at the time of the exam | Trauma resulting from recent physical assault |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Accidental events such as being given the wrong exam paper |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Any other circumstances which may have disadvantaged the candidate but which are not listed |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Being given a defective paper or recording failure of equipment or failure of materials to arrive on time |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Consequences of building work or inadequate facilities |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Consequences of candidates not being fully prepared for an exam |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Consequences of having taken an exam at the wrong tier |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Consequences of staff shortages or teaching difficulties |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Delayed start arising from administrative problems or similar |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Excess fatigue during the last paper for a candidate taking more than 5 hours 30 minutes (GCSE, level 1 or 2 exams) or 6 hours (GCE, level 3 exams) in a single day |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Failure by the centre or awarding body to implement previously agreed access arrangements |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Minor accident immediately before the exam |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Minor upset arising from administrative problems such as insufficient time being allocated |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Recent traumatic experience |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Serious distress on the day of an exam |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Serious interruption or disturbance during an exam |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Serious interruption or disturbance during an examination or examination period (To include a national incident) |
| Other causes of possible disadvantage | Witnessing a very distressing event on the day of an exam |